RESUMO
Objective To evaluate different decontaminants for tendon grafts, proposing an antiseptic protocol for contaminated grafts. Methods A total of 25 patients were tissue donors for the study. Each participant donated a 2.5-cm tendon sample, which was divided into 5 fragments with 5 mm each during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. The collected material was divided into 5 groups, totaling 125 samples. In total, four fragments of each patient were placed on the operating room floor for one minute for contamination, simulating the fall of the graft on the floor during surgery. The other fragment was immediately placed in a sterile container (group 1). One of the contaminated fragments was placed in the sterile container without being previously immersed in decontaminating solution (group 2). The remaining fragments were immersed for ten minutes in decontaminating solution: 0.5% chlorhexidine (group 3), 0.9% saline (group 4) and 0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde (group 5), and, after this time, they were individually placed in a sterile container. The samples from the 5 groups were submitted to microbiological examination. Results Bacteria were detected in 26% of the total samples in the microbiological tests, and in group 1 there was no growth of microorganisms. In group 2, bacterial growth was observed in 16 samples. Considering the evaluation of test groups 3, 4 and 5, the percentage of decontamination was higher than the growth of microorganisms in the respective cultures. Conclusion The protocol suggested by the study showed that intraoperative graft decontamination is possible.
RESUMO
Abstract Objective To evaluate different decontaminants for tendon grafts, proposing an antiseptic protocol for contaminated grafts. Methods A total of 25 patients were tissue donors for the study. Each participant donated a 2.5-cm tendon sample, which was divided into 5 fragments with 5 mm each during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. The collected material was divided into 5 groups, totaling 125 samples. In total, four fragments of each patient were placed on the operating room floor for one minute for contamination, simulating the fall of the graft on the floor during surgery. The other fragment was immediately placed in a sterile container (group 1). One of the contaminated fragments was placed in the sterile container without being previously immersed in decontaminating solution (group 2). The remaining fragments were immersed for ten minutes in decontaminating solution: 0.5% chlorhexidine (group 3), 0.9% saline (group 4) and 0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde (group 5), and, after this time, they were individually placed in a sterile container. The samples from the 5 groups were submitted to microbiological examination. Results Bacteria were detected in 26% of the total samples in the microbiological tests, and in group 1 there was no growth of microorganisms. In group 2, bacterial growth was observed in 16 samples. Considering the evaluation of test groups 3, 4 and 5, the percentage of decontamination was higher than the growth of microorganisms in the respective cultures. Conclusion The protocol suggested by the study showed that intraoperative graft decontamination is possible.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar diferentes descontaminantes para enxertos de tendões, propondo um protocolo de antissepsia para o enxerto contaminado. Métodos Um total de 25 pacientes foram doadores de tecido para o estudo. Cada participante doou uma amostra de 2,5 cm de tendão, a qual foi dividida em 5 fragmentos de 5 mm durante cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA). O material coletado foi dividido em 5 grupos, totalizando 125 amostras. Ao todo, quatro fragmentos de cada paciente foram colocados sobre o piso da sala cirúrgica, durante um minuto, para contaminação, simulando a queda do enxerto no chão durante o ato operatório. O outro fragmento foi, imediatamente, colocado em um recipiente esterilizado (grupo 1). Um dos fragmentos contaminados foi colocado no recipiente esterilizado sem ser previamente imerso em solução descontaminante (grupo 2). Os demais fragmentos foram imersos, por dez minutos, em solução descontaminante: clorexidina 0,5% (grupo 3), soro fisiológico 0,9% (grupo 4) e ortoftaldeído 0,55% (grupo 5), e, após esse tempo, foram colocados individualmente em um recipiente esterilizado. As amostras dos 5 grupos foram submetidas a exame microbiológico. Resultados Houve detecção de bactérias em 26% do total de amostras nos testes microbiológicos, sendo que no grupo 1 não houve crescimento de micro-organismos. No grupo 2, observou-se crescimento bacteriano em 16 amostras. Avaliando-se os grupos de teste 3, 4 e 5, o percentual de descontaminação foi superior ao crescimento de micro-organismos nas respectivas culturas. Conclusão O protocolo sugerido pelo estudo mostrou que é possível a descontaminação transoperatória do enxerto.
